These are straight flute general purpose taps that can be used for both machine or hand tapping. They are generally the most economical tool for use on production runs but are best on materials that produce chips, or where the swarf breaks readily. Where deep holes are to be tapped, in materials which produce stringy swarf, other types of taps may be needed, especially for coarse threads.

Hand taps are supplied in sets of three:

BOTTOM TAPS have a chamfer (lead) of 1–2 threads, the angle of the lead being around 18 degrees per side. They are used to produce threads close to the bottom of blind holes.

SECOND TAPS have a lead of 3-5 threads at 8 degrees per side. They are the most popular and can be used through holes, or blind holes where the thread does not need to go right to the bottom.

TAPER TAPS have a lead of 7-10 threads at 5 degrees per side. The taper lead distributes the cutting force over a large area, and the tapered shape helps the thread to start. They can therefore be used to start a thread prior to the use of second or bottom leads, or for through holes.

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